His father Juan de Bourbon, the 3rd son of Alfonso XIII, and General Franco agreed that Juan Carlos should take precedence over his father as pretender, in 1954. He trained in the armed forces from 1957 to 1959, and was formally named by Franco as the future king in 1969. He became king in November 1975, on Franco's death, and has presided over a formal and gradual return to democracy in Spain.

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